morphological-functional-evaluation-ribbon-synapses-at-specific

Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Ribbon Synapses at Specific Frequency Regions of the Mouse Cochlea

Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) transmit acoustic signals to spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) through ribbon synapses. Several experimental studies have ...

Conductive hearing loss is a prevalent condition globally. It remains unclear whether conductive hearing loss that occurs during early development disrupts auditory peripheral systems. In this study, a mouse model of conductive auditory deprivation (CAD) was achieved using external auditory canal closure on postnatal day 12, which marks the onset of external ear canal opening. Short-term (2 weeks) and long-term (6 weeks) deprivations involving external ear canal closure were conducted. Mice were examined immediately, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after deprivation. Short-term deprivation induced reversible auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold and latencies of ABR wave I, whereas long-term deprivation caused irreversible ABR thresholds and latencies of ABR wave I. Complete recovery of ribbon synapses and latencies of ABR wave I was observed in the short-term group. In contrast, we observed irreversible ABR thresholds, latencies of ABR wave I, and quantity of ribbon synapses in the long-term deprivation group. Positive 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine signals were noted in cochlear hair cells in the long-term group, suggesting that long-term auditory deprivation could disrupt auditory maturation via mitochondrial damage in cochlear hair cells. Conversely, no significant changes in cellular morphology were observed in cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion cells in either short- or long-term groups. Collectively, our findings suggest that long-term conductive hearing deprivation during early stages of auditory development can cause significant and irreversible disruption that persists into adulthood.

Long-Term Conductive Auditory Deprivation During Early Development Causes Irreversible Hearing Impairment and Cochlear Synaptic Disruption.

Tinnitus is thought to be triggered by aberrant neural activity in the central auditory pathway and is often accompanied by comorbidities of emotional distress and anxiety, which imply maladaptive functional connectivity to limbic structures, such as the amygdala and hippocampus. Tinnitus patients with normal audiograms can also have accompanying anxiety and depression, clinically. To test the role of functional connectivity between the central auditory pathway and limbic structures in patients with tinnitus with normal audiograms, we developed a murine noise-induced tinnitus model with a temporary threshold shift (TTS). Tinnitus mice exhibited reduced auditory brainstem response wave I amplitude, and an enhanced wave IV amplitude and wave IV/I amplitude ratio, as compared with control and non-tinnitus mice. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to identify abnormal connectivity of the amygdala and hippocampus and to determine the relationship with tinnitus characteristics. We found increased fMRI responses with amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in the auditory cortex and decreased ALFF in the amygdala and hippocampus at day 1, but decreased ALFF in the auditory cortex and increased ALFF in the amygdala at day 28 post-noise exposure in tinnitus mice. Decreased functional connectivity between auditory brain regions and limbic structures was demonstrated at day 28 in tinnitus mice. Therefore, aberrant neural activities in tinnitus mice with TTS involved not only the central auditory pathway, but also limbic structures, and there was maladaptive functional connectivity between the central auditory pathway and limbic structures, such as the amygdala and hippocampus.

Dynamic Changes of Functional Neuronal Activities Between the Auditory Pathway and Limbic Systems Contribute to Noise-Induced Tinnitus with a Normal Audiogram.

The association between amino acids and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) and remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the association between plasma essential amino acids (EAAs) and atherogenic lipid profiles.

Article	Year
Long-Term Conductive Auditory Deprivation During Early Development Causes Irreversible Hearing Impairment and Cochlear Synaptic Disruption. Neuroscience\| PubMed ID: 30742960	2019
Dynamic Changes of Functional Neuronal Activities Between the Auditory Pathway and Limbic Systems Contribute to Noise-Induced Tinnitus with a Normal Audiogram. Neuroscience\| PubMed ID: 30946875	2019
Association between plasma essential amino acids and atherogenic lipid profile in a Chinese population: A cross-sectional study. Atherosclerosis\| PubMed ID: 31071661	2019

Yue Qi

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