patient-directed-recording-bipolar-three-lead-electrocardiogram-using

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function

Cardiac arrhythmias and cardiovascular diseases are a major public health problem in developed countries. A major goal in preventive medicine is the ...

Percutaneous coronary intervention of complex stenoses is becoming more and more of an alternative to coronary bypass surgery. Nevertheless, complications can occur and lead to the need for circulatory support and/or emergency surgery. Circulatory support devices like the intra-aortic balloon pump showed only low benefit in patients' outcome. Devices with higher cardiac output necessitate more complex implantation procedures. We report the case of the first successful use of a transfemoral pulsatile ventricular assist device with up to 2 l additional cardiac output during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention in a 74-year-old man with complex stenosis. The device was safe and feasible during coronary intervention in its use. Its beneficial effect on hemodynamics and patients' outcome has to be evaluated in larger multicenter studies.

First high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention under use of the iVAC2l system in Germany.

To report the long-term safety and efficacy data of a third generation drug eluting stent (DES) with biodegradable polymer in the complex patient population of diabetes mellitus after a follow-up period of 5 years.

Third generation drug eluting stent (DES) with biodegradable polymer in diabetic patients: 5 years follow-up.

Erratum to: Third generation drug eluting stent (DES) with biodegradable polymer in diabetic patients: 5 years follow-up.

Efforts in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) lead to interventional treatment of complex stenoses as an alternative to coronary bypass surgery. Nevertheless, complications during PCI can occur with sudden need for circulatory support. Circulatory support devices are helpful tools during high-risk PCI to generate additional output or maintain sufficient circulation in critical situations.

First successful prevention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention by use of a pulsatile left ventricular assist device: baptism of fire of the iVAC2L device: a case report.

Remote monitoring including transmission of electrocardiogram (ECG) strips has been implemented in implantable cardiac monitors (ICM). We appraise whether the physician can rely on remote monitoring to be informed of all possibly significant arrhythmias.

Transmission and loss of ECG snapshots: Remote monitoring in implantable cardiac monitors.

 Feasibility study of accurate three lead ECG recording (Einthoven I, II and III) using an Apple Watch Series 4. : In 50 healthy subjects (18 male; age: 40 ± 12 years) without known cardiac disorders, a 12-lead ECG and three bipolar ECGs, corresponding to Einthoven leads I, II and III were recorded using an Apple Watch Series 4. Einthoven I was recorded with the watch on the left wrist and the right index finger on the crown, Einthoven II with the watch on the left lower abdomen and the right index finger on the crown, Einthoven III with the watch on the left lower abdomen and the left index finger on the crown. Four experienced cardiologists were independently asked to assign the watch ECGs to Einthoven leads from 12-lead ECG for each subject.  All watch ECGs showed an adequate signal quality with 134 ECGs of good (89%) and 16 of moderate signal quality (11%). Ninety-one percent of all watch ECGs were assigned correctly to corresponding leads from 12-lead ECG. Thirty-nine subjects (78%) were assigned correctly by all cardiologists. All assignment errors occurred in patients with similar morphologies and amplitudes in at least two of the three recorded leads. Erroneous assignment of all watch ECGs to leads from standard ECG occurred in no patient.  Recording of Einthoven leads I-III by a smartwatch is accurate and highly comparable to standard ECG. This might contribute to an earlier detection of cardiac disorders, which are associated with repolarization abnormalities or arrhythmias.

Recording of Bipolar Multichannel ECGs by a Smartwatch: Modern ECG Diagnostic 100 Years after Einthoven.

During high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) complications may occur, leading to unstable hemodynamic conditions. Circulatory support devices might help to intercept these conditions by supporting cardiac output. We investigated in a prospective trial the performance of the pulsatile iVAC2L system in the setting of high-risk PCI.

High-risk PCI under support of a pulsatile left ventricular assist device - First German experience with the iVAC2L system.

Smartwatches that are able to record a bipolar ECG and Einthoven leads were recently described. Nevertheless, for detection of ischemia or other cardiac diseases more leads are required, especially Wilson's chest leads.

Single-Lead ECG Recordings Including Einthoven and Wilson Leads by a Smartwatch: A New Era of Patient Directed Early ECG Differential Diagnosis of Cardiac Diseases?

Article	Year
First high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention under use of the iVAC2l system in Germany. Future cardiology\| PubMed ID: 28111968	2017
Third generation drug eluting stent (DES) with biodegradable polymer in diabetic patients: 5 years follow-up. Cardiovascular diabetology\| PubMed ID: 28183306	2017
Erratum to: Third generation drug eluting stent (DES) with biodegradable polymer in diabetic patients: 5 years follow-up. Cardiovascular diabetology\| PubMed ID: 28472961	2017
First successful prevention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention by use of a pulsatile left ventricular assist device: baptism of fire of the ... European heart journal. Case reports\| PubMed ID: 31020087	2018
Transmission and loss of ECG snapshots: Remote monitoring in implantable cardiac monitors. Journal of electrocardiology\| PubMed ID: 31233982	2019
Recording of Bipolar Multichannel ECGs by a Smartwatch: Modern ECG Diagnostic 100 Years after Einthoven. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 31261981	2019
High-risk PCI under support of a pulsatile left ventricular assist device - First German experience with the iVAC2L system. International journal of cardiology\| PubMed ID: 31630819	2019
Single-Lead ECG Recordings Including Einthoven and Wilson Leads by a Smartwatch: A New Era of Patient Directed Early ECG Differential Diagnosis of Cardiac Diseases? Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 31658713	2019

Alexander Samol

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