real-time-fmri-biofeedback-targeting-orbitofrontal-cortex-for

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

We present a method for training subjects to control activity in a region of their orbitofrontal cortex associated with contamination anxiety using ...

The aim of this study was to determine whether bipolar patients who had been stabilized on combined antipsychotic and mood-stabilizer medications and were currently in remission benefited from continuation of the antipsychotic medication. Remitted bipolar patients were randomly assigned to either remain on adjunctive antipsychotic medication or to taper to placebo. Antipsychotic/placebo medication assignment was double-blind. Subjects were outpatients at a university-affiliated community mental health center. Fifteen subjects consented and proceeded with eligibility assessments. Five subjects were never randomized. One of these was excluded when the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV interview revealed schizoaffective disorder. The remaining four subjects were not randomized for other reasons. Three randomized subjects never received study medications, or were withdrawn by the investigator within 1 week after beginning study medications. The seven remaining subjects received study medication for more than 1 week. Five subjects were randomized to taper to placebo and two to antipsychotic continuation. Of the five randomized to taper to placebo, three successfully tapered and completed the year of follow-up in continuous remission. One subject became manic 4 months after taper was completed, and one subject became psychotic, in the absence of a mood episode, during taper. Of the two subjects randomized to double-blind antipsychotic continuation, both completed the year of follow-up in continuous remission. When adjunctive antipsychotic medications are discontinued, bipolar patients' clinical symptoms can remain unchanged. Others are, however, at risk for manic relapse.

Mood-stabilizer-maintained, remitted bipolar patients: taper and discontinuation of adjunctive antipsychotic medication.

Mood-Stabilizer-gepflegt, &#xFC;berwiesen bipolaren Patienten: Kegel-und Absetzen der antipsychotischen Medikation Zusatztherapie.

Most patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) show only partial reduction of symptoms with standard therapy. Recent imaging data suggests glutamatergic dysfunction in the corticostriatal pathway in OCD. We investigated the efficacy of augmentation therapy with riluzole, a glutamate-modulating agent, in treatment-resistant OCD.

Riluzole augmentation in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open-label trial.

Riluzol Augmentation bei therapieresistenten Zwangsst&#xF6;rungen: eine Open-Label-Studie.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is well documented as an efficacious treatment for panic disorder. We provided open CBT treatment to patients who subsequently participated in a maintenance treatment study. This article reports on predictors and trajectory of response in 381 participants who completed treatment at 4 sites.

Predictors and time course of response among panic disorder patients treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Cognitive-Verhaltenstherapie (CBT) ist als wirkungsvolle Behandlung einer Panikst&ouml;rung gut dokumentiert. Aufgef&uuml;hrten offenen CBT-Behandlung f&uuml;r Patienten, die anschlie&szlig;end in einer Pflege-Behandlung-Studie teilgenommen. Dieser Artikel berichtet &uuml;ber Pr&auml;diktoren und Flugbahn der Reaktion in 381 Teilnehmern, die Behandlung an 4 Standorten abgeschlossen.

Pr&auml;diktoren und zeitlicher Verlauf der Reaktion unter einer Panikst&ouml;rung Patienten, die mit kognitiver Verhaltenstherapie behandelt werden.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam versus placebo for tardive dyskinesia (TD).

Effects of levetiracetam on tardive dyskinesia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit von Levetiracetam im Vergleich zu Placebo f&uuml;r Tardive Dyskinesie (TD).

Auswirkungen von Levetiracetam auf Tardive Dyskinesie: eine randomisierte, doppelblinde, Placebo-kontrollierte Studie.

Several recent studies of individually administered cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for early psychosis have reported only modest treatment benefits. The purpose of the current study was to review the literature to determine how outcomes of group CBT differ from outcomes of individually administered CBT among early cases. Our findings suggest that group CBT for early psychosis may be a more effective modality for this group of patients. We speculate that patients' uncertainty about illness in general may impair the effectiveness of individually administered CBT for early cases and that group CBT may be more effective for these young patients by better addressing those factors with the aid of peer-to-peer interactions, identification, and modeling.

Cognitive behavior therapy for early psychosis: a comprehensive review of individual vs. group treatment studies.

Einige neuere Studien von individuell verwalteten kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (CBT) f&uuml;r fr&uuml;he Psychose haben nur bescheidene Behandlung Vorteile berichtet. Das Ziel der aktuellen Studie war die Bewertung der Literatur um zu bestimmen, wie Ergebnisse der CBT-Gruppe von Ergebnissen der individuell unterscheiden CBT unter den fr&uuml;hen F&auml;llen verabreicht. Unsere Forschungsergebnisse legen nahe, dass diese Gruppe CBT f&uuml;r fr&uuml;he Psychose eine effektivere Modalit&auml;t f&uuml;r diese Gruppe von Patienten sein kann. Wir spekulieren, dass Patienten Unsicherheit &uuml;ber Krankheit generell die Wirksamkeit der individuell administrierten CBT f&uuml;r diese Gruppe, die CBT f&uuml;r diese jungen Patienten wom&ouml;glich effektiver beeintr&auml;chtigen durch bessere Bek&auml;mpfung dieser Ursachen mit Hilfe von Peer-to-Peer-Interaktionen, Identifizierung, und Modellierung und fr&uuml;hen F&auml;lle.

Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie f&uuml;r fr&uuml;he Psychose: eine umfassende &Uuml;berpr&uuml;fung der Individuum vs. Gruppe Behandlung Studien.

Most previous studies of the incidence of tardive dyskinesia with atypical antipsychotics compared with conventional antipsychotics have not had tardive dyskinesia as their primary focus. The current study aimed to compare the incidence of tardive dyskinesia with atypical vs conventional antipsychotics using methods similar to those from a previous prospective cohort study at our site in the 1980s.

Incidence of tardive dyskinesia with atypical versus conventional antipsychotic medications: a prospective cohort study.

Die meisten fr&uuml;here Studien die H&auml;ufigkeit von Tardive Dyskinesie mit atypischen Antipsychotika im Vergleich zu konventionellen Antipsychotika hatten keine Tardive Dyskinesie als ihren prim&auml;ren Fokus. Die aktuelle Studie zielte darauf ab, die Inzidenz von Tardive Dyskinesie mit atypischen Vs vergleichen konventionelle Antipsychotika mit Methoden &auml;hnlich denen einer vorherigen prospektive Kohorte an unserem Standort in den 1980er Jahren zu studieren.

Inzidenz von Tardive Dyskinesie mit atypischen gegen&uuml;ber konventionellen antipsychotischen Medikamente: eine prospektive Kohortenstudie.

D-serine is an allosteric modulator of the brain N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and a potential novel treatment of schizophrenia. Double-blind studies have been performed at 30 mg/kg/day (approximately 2 g/day) with encouraging results, but no formal dose escalation studies have been performed. We describe the first evaluation of the efficacy and safety of d-serine at doses >30 mg/kg/day; a 4-week, open-label trial of adjunctive D-serine (30, 60 or 120 mg/kg/day).

High dose D-serine in the treatment of schizophrenia.

D-Serin ist ein allosterischer Modulator des Gehirn-N-Methyl-d-Aspartat (NMDA)-Rezeptors und neuartige Behandlung von Schizophrenie. Doppelblinde Studien wurden durchgef&uuml;hrt auf 30 mg/kg/Tag (ca. 2 g/Tag) mit ermutigenden Ergebnissen, aber keine formale Dosis-Eskalations-Studien durchgef&uuml;hrt wurden. Wir beschreiben die erste Evaluierung der Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit von d-Serin bei Dosen &gt; 30 mg/kg/Tag; eine 4-Wochen, Open-Label-Testversion von adjunktive D-Serin (30, 60 oder 120 mg/kg/Tag).

Hohe Dosis D-Serin in der Behandlung von Schizophrenie.

The American Psychiatric Association Task Force on DSM-5 has recently proposed consideration of Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms Syndrome as a new diagnosis, based on nearly 15 years of prospective research in centers across the globe. The condition is also known as "psychosis risk syndrome," "at-risk mental state," "ultra-high risk," and "putative prodrome." We review evidence favoring its inclusion as a new diagnosis in DSM-5 and report new preliminary findings on DSM-IV diagnoses in current clinical use for these patients and on results of diagnostic interviews in unselected volunteers. The main evidence supporting inclusion is: (1) the patients are currently ill, (2) the patients are at high risk for getting worse, (3) no DSM-IV diagnosis accurately captures their current illness or future risk, (4) the diagnosis has been made with reliability and validity in the research setting, and (5) placement in DSM-5 would help promote the needed treatment and prevention research to enable articulation of a standard of care to benefit these patients and their families. Potential harms can be minimized by patient, family, and provider education. It will be important to demonstrate through well-designed field trials whether the diagnostic criteria can be used with reliability in everyday clinical practice.

The case for including Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms Syndrome in DSM-5 as a psychosis risk syndrome.

Der American Psychiatric Association Task Force on DSM-5 hat vor kurzem vorgeschlagenen Erw&auml;gung abgeschw&auml;cht psychotische Symptome Syndrome als eine neue Diagnose, basierend auf fast 15 Jahre prospektive Forschung in Zentren auf der ganzen Welt. Die Bedingung ist auch bekannt als &quot;Psychose-Risiko Syndrom&quot; &quot;gef&auml;hrdeten&quot; Geisteszustand, &quot;Ultra-High-Risk&quot; und &quot;mutma&szlig;liches Prodrome.&quot; Wir &uuml;berpr&uuml;fen Beweise beg&uuml;nstigt seine Aufnahme als neue Diagnose im DSM-5 und neuen vorl&auml;ufigen Ergebnisse zu melden, auf DSM-IV Diagnosen im aktuellen klinischen Einsatz f&uuml;r diese Patienten sowie Ergebnisse der diagnostischen Interviews bei nicht ausgew&auml;hlten Probanden. Die wichtigste Beweise, die Aufnahme ist: (1) die Patienten derzeit krank sind, (2) die Patienten mit hohem Risiko f&uuml;r immer schlimmer werden, (3) keine DSM-IV Diagnose genau erfasst, ihre aktuelle Krankheit oder k&uuml;nftige Risiken (4) die Diagnose mit Reliabilit&auml;t und Validit&auml;t in der Forschung-Einstellung erzielt worden und (5) Platzierung im DSM-5 w&uuml;rde dazu beitragen, die notwendige Behandlung und Prophylaxe Forschung zum Aktivieren der Artikulation eines Standards der Versorgung dieser Patienten und ihre Familien profitieren. Potenzielle Sch&auml;den k&ouml;nnen vom Patienten, der Familie und der Anbieter Bildung minimiert werden. Es wird wichtig sein, durch gut durchdachte Feldversuche zeigen, ob die diagnostischen Kriterien mit Zuverl&auml;ssigkeit in der t&auml;glichen klinischen Praxis verwendet werden k&ouml;nnen.

Article	Year
Mood-stabilizer-maintained, remitted bipolar patients: taper and discontinuation of adjunctive antipsychotic medication. General hospital psychiatry\| PubMed ID: 15121352	2004
Riluzole augmentation in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open-label trial. Biological psychiatry\| PubMed ID: 15993857	2005
Predictors and time course of response among panic disorder patients treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy. The Journal of clinical psychiatry\| PubMed ID: 18278989	2008
Effects of levetiracetam on tardive dyskinesia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry\| PubMed ID: 18312060	2008
Cognitive behavior therapy for early psychosis: a comprehensive review of individual vs. group treatment studies. International journal of group psychotherapy\| PubMed ID: 19548785	2009
Incidence of tardive dyskinesia with atypical versus conventional antipsychotic medications: a prospective cohort study. The Journal of clinical psychiatry\| PubMed ID: 20156410	2010
High dose D-serine in the treatment of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia research\| PubMed ID: 20541910	2010
The case for including Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms Syndrome in DSM-5 as a psychosis risk syndrome. Schizophrenia research\| PubMed ID: 20832249	2010

John Saksa

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