a-simplified-operation-for-endovascular-perforation-murine-model

A Simplified Operation for the Endovascular Perforation Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

The endovascular perforation model is commonly utilized as a method to simulate subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in experimental studies. Comprehensive and ...

a-surgical-method-to-establish-murine-model-knee-osteoarthritis-using

A Surgical Method to Establish a Murine Model of Knee Osteoarthritis using a Modified Hulth Procedure

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone remodeling, ...

Whole-body vibration (WBV), providing cyclic mechanical stimulation, has been used to accelerate fracture healing in preclinical studies. This study aimed to summarize and evaluate the effects of WBV on bone healing in ovariectomized rat models and then analyze its potential effects on fractures in human postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Therapeutic effects of whole-body vibration on fracture healing in ovariectomized rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Previous studies have found that bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were capable of self-replication, multi-differentiation, and regeneration. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of BMSC therapy for ovariectomized rats.

Bone mesenchymal stem cell therapy for ovariectomized osteoporotic rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Extravasated erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) critically contribute to the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Meningeal lymphatics have been reported to drain macromolecules and immune cells from CSF into cervical lymph nodes (CLNs). However, whether meningeal lymphatics are involved in clearing extravasated erythrocytes in CSF after SAH remains unclear. Here we show that a markedly higher number of erythrocytes are accumulated in the lymphatics of CLNs and meningeal lymphatics after SAH. When the meningeal lymphatics are depleted in a mouse model of SAH, the degree of erythrocyte aggregation in CLNs is significantly lower, while the associated neuroinflammation and the neurologic deficits are dramatically exacerbated. In addition, during SAH lymph flow is increased but without significant lymphangiogenesis and lymphangiectasia. Taken together, this work demonstrates that the meningeal lymphatics drain extravasated erythrocytes from CSF into CLNs after SAH, while suggesting that modulating this draining may offer therapeutic approaches to alleviate SAH severity.

Meningeal lymphatics clear erythrocytes that arise from subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The lymphatic drainage system of the central nervous system (CNS) plays an important role in maintaining interstitial fluid balance and regulating immune responses and immune surveillance. The impaired lymphatic drainage system of the CNS might be involved in the onset and progression of various neurodegenerative diseases, neuroinflammation, and cerebrovascular diseases. A significant immune response and brain edema are observed after stroke, resulting from disrupted homeostasis in the brain. Thus, understanding the lymphatic drainage system of the CNS in stroke may lead to the development of new approaches for therapeutic interventions in the future. Here, we review recent evidence implicating the lymphatic drainage system of the CNS in stroke.

The lymphatic drainage system of the CNS plays a role in lymphatic drainage, immunity, and neuroinflammation in stroke.

Network pharmacology is a new discipline based on systems biology theory, biological system network analysis, and multi-target drug molecule design specific signal node selection. The mechanism of action of TCM formula has the characteristics of multiple targets and levels. The mechanism is similar to the integrity, systematization and comprehensiveness of network pharmacology, so network pharmacology is suitable for the study of the pharmacological mechanism of Chinese medicine compounds.

Network pharmacology, a promising approach to reveal the pharmacology mechanism of Chinese medicine formula.

To examine and quantify liver and kidney lesions and their response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy in a TNF-Tg mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Hepatorenal pathologies in TNF-transgenic mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis are alleviated by anti-TNF treatment.

Lymphedema, a prevalent, multifaceted, and chronic ailment, is mainly managed through physical manipulation and suffers from a lack of specific pharmacological treatments. Secondary lymphedema is mainly caused by impaired lymphatic drainage. Therapeutic lymphangiogenesis is a promising strategy in the treatment of lymphedema. Andrographolide, a natural product from Andrographis paniculata, is unknown whether andrographolide promotes lymphangiogenesis to improve secondary lymphedema. By using the murine tail lymphedema model, we demonstrated that andrographolide can reduce the thickness of subcutaneous tissue in the mice's tail and enhance lymphatic drainage. Moreover, immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of capillary lymphatic vessels in the ANDRO25 group was significantly more than that in the ANDRO50 and Model groups. Near-infrared lymphography images showed that highlighted sciatic lymph nodes could be seen in the ANDRO25 and ANDRO50 groups. In vitro, andrographolide could promote the proliferation and migration of LEC. In conclusion, andrographolide enhanced the recovery of lymphatic vessels, and promoted lymphatic drainage in the murine tail lymphedema model by promoting the proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells, thereby reducing the symptoms of lymphedema. This suggested andrographolide may be used as a potential therapeutic drug or medical food ingredient to help patients with secondary lymphedema.

Andrographolide promotes lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel remodeling to alleviate secondary lymphedema.

Cross-talk between the brain and cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) is crucial in brain pathologies. However, the precise roles and the mechanisms of CLNs in brain damage during subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remain unclear. In this study, mandibular lymph node (part of CLNs) removal attenuates brain damage in SAH mouse models. Notably, the extravasated erythrocytes following SAH are significantly engulfed by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in CLNs. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that the differentially expressed genes in medullary LECs are enriched in lysosomes after SAH, with a notable upregulation of Ctss (which encodes cathepsin S). Importantly, the deficiency of cathepsin S specifically in LECs, achieved through transgenic mice, or the use of a cathepsin S inhibitor, significantly reduces neuroinflammation and neurological deficits induced by SAH. These findings elucidate mechanisms of how CLNs participate in brain injury following SAH in mice. Targeting this process may offer effective therapeutic strategies to alleviate SAH-related pathologies.

Brain-cervical lymph node crosstalk contributes to brain injury induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice.

Bone remodeling disorders such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis highlight the clinical significance of osteoimmune communication. Osteoimmunology has emerged as a key interdisciplinary field elucidating the dynamic interplay between the immune and skeletal systems, with extracellular vesicles (EVs) recognized as nanosized mediators that transport proteins, lipids, and RNAs to regulate bone remodeling. Immunocyte-derived EVs modulate osteoblast and osteoclast activity through macrophage polarization, Treg-associated CD73/adenosine signaling, Th17/Treg balance, and B cell-bone interactions, exerting dual effects by promoting bone formation under physiological conditions while amplifying inflammation and bone resorption in osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis. Bidirectional communication between bone marrow stromal cell-derived EVs and immune cells further highlights the complexity of EV-mediated regulation in bone microenvironments. Moreover, engineering approaches such as cargo loading, surface modification, and biomaterial integration are rapidly advancing the therapeutic application of EVs in bone diseases. Despite these advances, challenges remain in EV standardization, scalable production, and clinical translation, underscoring that immunocyte-derived EVs represent both pathogenic mediators and promising therapeutic agents, with future studies required to resolve mechanistic complexity and optimize their clinical utility. Engineered EVs enable targeted modulation of CD73-adenosine, NF-κB, HIF-1α, and PI3K/AKT axes, offering bone-targeting delivery and immune-instructive biomaterials as converging strategies. These insights highlight immunocyte-derived EVs as both biomarkers and therapeutic candidates in bone disorders, and underscore the need for standardized approaches to advance their clinical utility in osteoimmunology.

Immunocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in osteoimmunology: mechanisms, disease contexts, and translational prospects.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease marked by progressive joint destruction and deformities, which are irreversible once they develop. If the disease can be prevented in the preclinical stage, it may significantly reduce the rate of RA incidence and disability. However, insufficient attention has been paid to RA prevention. Herein, we proposed a nano-prodrug delivery (HC-IBR) to modulate the B cell immune response in lymph nodes (LNs) during the preclinical phase of RA. The HC-IBR was constructed by self-assembly of hyaluronic acid (HA) bearing cyanine7 (Cy7) and bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib (IBR). The HC-IBR effectively targeted and specifically accumulated in LNs and further controlled IBR drug release under light irradiation. HC-IBR plus laser exhibited better efficiency in inhibition of antigen-presenting B cell and germinal center to control the development of joint inflammation in mice with collagen induced arthritis. This study provides a potential novel strategy for RA prevention by precise and localized B cell immunoregulation.

Lymph nodes-targeted nano-prodrug for precise B cell immunoregulation to prevent collagen-induced arthritis.

To investigate the effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-related brain injury and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Astragaloside IV Mitigates Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Brain Injury via Regulating Microglial Polarization and Neuroinflammation Mediated by cGAS/STING Pathway.

ArticleTotal : 2	Year
Publication title	2025
Publication title	2026

Article	Year
Therapeutic effects of whole-body vibration on fracture healing in ovariectomized rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Menopause (New York, N.Y.)\| PubMed ID: 30562321	2018
Bone mesenchymal stem cell therapy for ovariectomized osteoporotic rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC musculoskeletal disorders\| PubMed ID: 31747888	2019
Meningeal lymphatics clear erythrocytes that arise from subarachnoid hemorrhage. Nature communications\| PubMed ID: 32572022	2020
The lymphatic drainage system of the CNS plays a role in lymphatic drainage, immunity, and neuroinflammation in stroke. Journal of leukocyte biology\| PubMed ID: 33884651	2021
Network pharmacology, a promising approach to reveal the pharmacology mechanism of Chinese medicine formula. Journal of ethnopharmacology\| PubMed ID: 36858276	2023
Hepatorenal pathologies in TNF-transgenic mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis are alleviated by anti-TNF treatment. Arthritis research & therapy\| PubMed ID: 37784156	2023
Andrographolide promotes lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel remodeling to alleviate secondary lymphedema. Biochemical and biophysical research communications\| PubMed ID: 38820623	2024
Brain-cervical lymph node crosstalk contributes to brain injury induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice. Nature communications\| PubMed ID: 41022690	2025
Immunocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in osteoimmunology: mechanisms, disease contexts, and translational prospects. Frontiers in immunology\| PubMed ID: 41368630	2025
Lymph nodes-targeted nano-prodrug for precise B cell immunoregulation to prevent collagen-induced arthritis. Biomaterials\| PubMed ID: 41687284	2026
Astragaloside IV Mitigates Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Brain Injury via Regulating Microglial Polarization and Neuroinflammation Mediated by cGAS/STING Pathway. Chinese journal of integrative medicine\| PubMed ID: 41989498	2026

Jinman Chen

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