a-surgical-procedure-for-thyroidectomy-para-tracheal-capsular

A Surgical Procedure for Thyroidectomy: Para-Tracheal Capsular Dissection and its Benefit in the Protection of the Parathyroid Gland

Para-tracheal capsular dissection, conducted adjacent to the trachea, is postulated to mitigate the risk of parathyroid gland injury. This study compares ...

a-quantitative-assessment-phagocytosis-allogeneic-xenogeneic

A Quantitative Assessment of the Phagocytosis of Allogeneic and Xenogeneic Erythrocytes by Rat Macrophages <em>In Vitro</em>

Xenogeneic cell transplantation often faces significant immune rejection, even in immunodeficient animal models. Among residual immune components, ...

To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and relevant prognostic factors of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (GEP-NEN), to improve our understanding of GEP-NEN.This was a retrospective analysis of 155 patients (average age 53.7 ± 13.6 years) pathologically diagnosed with GEP-NEN. We analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and prognostic factors of GEP-NEN.The most common primary site was the pancreas (41.9%), followed by the rectum, stomach and duodenum. Most cases were nonfunctional GEP-NENs (149/155) with nonspecific symptoms. TNM stage and histological grade were determined by the latest criteria. Surgical resection was the mainstay of treatment in 150 patients, and 22 patients received chemotherapy under different circumstances. A total of 130 patients were followed up for a median of 44 months, and 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 82.3% and 72.3%, respectively. According to univariate and multivariate analysis, incidental diagnosis, maximum tumor diameter, tumor stage, lymph node and distant metastasis, TNM stage, and histological grade were significantly correlated with overall survival, but histological grade was the only factor confirmed as an independent prognostic factor for long-term survival of GEP-NEN.GEP-NEN, with an increasing trend in incidence, occurred most frequently in the pancreas. Nonfunctional tumors with nonspecific symptoms comprised the majority of cases. The main treatment was surgical resection. Histological grade was confirmed as the only independent prognostic factor.

An 11-year retrospective study: clinicopathological and survival analysis of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm.

To evaluate the effect and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) through comparisons with those of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 and pinaverium bromide.

Effect of Acupuncture in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To compare the curative effect on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) between acupuncture for regulating  and strengthening spleen and pinaverium bromide, and explore the relevant mechanism of curative effect of acupuncture in view of polymorphism of 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR).

[Correlation between curative effect and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome with acupuncture for regulating  and strengthening spleen].

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) can infect humans, pigs, and many other animals, but recombination in HEV has rarely been reported. In the present study, phylogenetic and recombination analysis was performed on 557 complete HEV genome sequences from the GenBank database. A potentially significant quadruple recombination event was identified by recombination detection analysis. The recombinant progeny virus, HEV_32_Manchester_301214, was produced by inter-genotype recombination between the major parent HEPAC-44 and the minor parent HE-JA15-1335. HEV_32_Manchester_301214 and HEPAC-44 belong to genotype 3, while HE-JA15-1335 belongs to genotype 1, and these three strains were all isolated from humans. Three breakpoints of the four recombination events occurred in the ORF2 region, while another occurred in the ORF1 region. This quadruple recombination event was confirmed by phylogenetic analysis. The genotype, host, and recombination regions of the three strains were analyzed, and the analysis results provide valuable information for future research on HEV diversity.

A quadruple recombination event discovered in hepatitis E virus.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a global health problem, and the prevalence of obesity at all stages of life makes MetS research increasingly important and urgent. However, as a comprehensive and complex disease, MetS has lacked more appropriate research models. The advent of organoids provides an opportunity to address this issue. However, it should be noted that organoids are still in their infancy. The main drawbacks are a lack of maturity, complexity, and the inability to standardize large-scale production. Could organoids therefore be a better choice for studying MetS than other models? How can these limitations be overcome? Here, we summarize the available data to present current progress on pancreatic and hepatobiliary organoids and to answer these open questions. Organoids are of human origin and contain a variety of human cell types necessary to mimic the disease characteristics of MetS in their development. Taken together with the discovery of hepatobiliary progenitors in situ, the dedifferentiation of beta cells in diabetes, and studies on hepatic macrophages, we suggest that promoting endogenous regeneration has the potential to prevent the development of end-stage liver and pancreatic lesions caused by MetS and outline the direction of future research in this field.

The Values and Perspectives of Organoids in the Field of Metabolic Syndrome.

Circadian rhythms, the natural cycles of physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, are known to have a profound effect on the human body. Light plays an important role in the regulation of circadian rhythm in human body. When light from the outside enters the eyes, cones, rods, and specialized retinal ganglion cells receive the light signal and transmit it to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. The central rhythm oscillator of the suprachiasmatic nucleus regulates the rhythm oscillator of tissues all over the body. Circadian rhythms, the natural cycles of physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, are known to have a profound effect on the human body. As the largest organ in the human body, skin plays an important role in the peripheral circadian rhythm regulation system. Like photoreceptor cells in the retina, melanocytes express opsins. Studies show that melanocytes in the skin are also sensitive to light, allowing the skin to "see" light even without the eyes. Upon receiving light signals, melanocytes in the skin release hormones that maintain homeostasis. This process is called "photoneuroendocrinology", which supports the health effects of light exposure. However, inappropriate light exposure, such as prolonged work in dark environments or exposure to artificial light at night, can disrupt circadian rhythms. Such disruptions are linked to a variety of health issues, emphasizing the need for proper light management in daily life. Conversely, harnessing light's beneficial effects through phototherapy is gaining attention as an adjunctive treatment modality. Despite these advancements, the field of circadian rhythm research still faces several unresolved issues and emerging challenges. One of the most exciting prospects is the use of the skin's photosensitivity to treat diseases. This approach could revolutionize how we think about and manage various health conditions, leveraging the skin's unique ability to respond to light for therapeutic purposes. As research continues to unravel the complexities of circadian rhythms and their impact on health, the potential for innovative treatments and improved wellbeing is immense.

Molecular Pathways Regulating Circadian Rhythm and Associated Diseases.

To identify and analyze genes closely related to the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by employing a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing and machine-learning algorithms.

Key factor screening in mouse NASH model using single-cell sequencing combined with machine learning.

SARS-CoV-2's rapid global transmission depends on spike RBD's strong affinity to hACE2. In the context of binding hot spots well defined, the work investigated how interfacial subregions of SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD to hACE2 affect intermolecular affinity and their potential distinct roles involved in association and dissociation kinetics due to their local structural characteristics. Three spatially consecutive subregions of SARS-CoV-2 RBD were structurally partitioned across RBD's receptor binding motif (RBM). Their impacts on binding affinity and kinetics were differentiated through a comprehensive SPR measurement of hACE2 binding by chimeric swap mutants of respective subdomains from SARS-CoV-2 VOCs & phylogenetically close sarbecoviruses, and further compared with those of included single mutations across RBM and around the RBD core. The data supports that the intermediate interfacial subregion of RBD involving key residue at 417 is the rate-limiting effector of association kinetics and the subregion encompassing residues at 501/498/449 is the key binding energy contributor dictating dissociation kinetics, both of which relate to SARS-CoV-2's adaptive mutational evolution and host tropism closely. The kinetic data and structural analysis of local mutations' impact on spike RBD's binding and thermal stability provide a new perspective in evaluating SARS-CoV-2 evolution and other sarbecoviruses' evolvable binding to hACE2. The inherent binding mode offers direct clues of valid epitope in designing new antibodies that the coronavirus can't elude.

Interfacial subregions of SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD to hACE2 affect intermolecular affinity by their distinct roles played in association and dissociation kinetics.

This case report presents an incident of spontaneous migration of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) into the azygos vein, leading to accidental transection during surgery. A patient with esophageal cancer had a PICC placed in the left upper arm one day prior to surgery, with the catheter tip confirmed by intracavitary electrocardiogram (IC-ECG) and anterior/lateral chest X-ray imaging. However, during the surgery, the PICC was unintentionally cut when the surgeon isolated and clamped the azygos vein. The surgical team removed the catheter and re-sutured the azygos vein remnant, introducing avoidable risks. This report analyzes the spontaneous migration of the PICC to the azygos vein and explores possible contributing factors to this incident.

Spontaneous migration of a peripherally inserted central catheter into the azygos vein and accidental transection during thoracic surgery: A case report.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an essential and increasing therapeutic approach for treating conditions such as leukemia, lymphoma, and other blood cancers. However, its widespread use faces significant challenges, including limited donor availability, pathogens, and the risk of immune rejection. The emergence of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offers a potential solution to these challenges. By enabling the generation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and blood cells in vitro, PSCs open pathways to address the limitations of traditional HSC sources. Self-induced or gene-edited PSCs from patients may provide an accessible and personalized option for clinical applications. In this review, we examine the current protocols for differentiating PSCs into HSCs and blood cells, highlighting their benefits and shortcomings. Despite advancements in this field, two primary challenges persist: low differentiation efficiency and difficulties in isolating and enriching functional HSCs. These problems make it difficult to obtain HSCs for long-term survival. Thus, we propose innovative strategies and potential improvements including induction scheme optimization, reprogramming, and cell fate tracking. Future research should prioritize the development of efficient and reliable differentiation protocols for PSCs to obtain more functional HSCs. Additionally, establishing effective methods for enriching functional HSCs and blood cells will be critical for optimizing their use in clinical applications. These efforts hold the promise of overcoming current limitations and advancing the therapeutic potential of PSC-derived blood cells.

Advantages and challenges of ex vivo generation and expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells from pluripotent stem cells.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are liver-specific mesenchymal cells that play a crucial role in liver formation and regeneration, as well as in different pathological diseases. However, the limited source of primary HSCs (pHSCs) and the suboptimal functionality of induced HSCs (iHSCs) by existing methods restrict their application in biomedical modeling. We developed a de novo differentiation method to generate iHSCs under simulated liver microenvironment in vitro, thereby enhancing the function of the differentiated cells. These iHSCs exhibited key HSC functions, including the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, collagen, and the capability to store Vitamin A. RNA sequencing further revealed that the present iHSCs converged more closely to pHSCs with very similar transcriptional profile compared to the established conventional induction. Additionally, the novel HSC-specific marker genes, FBLN5, NID2, and SVEP1 were identified by RNA sequencing and gene expression assay. In conclusion, our novel differentiation approach enables the generation of iHSCs with phenotypic and functional traits similar to those of pHSCs. The generation of highly functional iHSCs may make it more feasible to accurately simulate the liver-specific multicellular microenvironments, thus providing new perspectives on the modeling of physiological regenerative processes and disease progression in the liver, as well as useful tools for creating of new therapeutic strategies.

Liver developmental microenvironment promotes iHSC generation from human iPSCs.

To address the limitations of conventional strategies for differentiation human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into homogeneous hepatocytes, a doxycycline-inducible GATA6-expressing hiPSC line was developed using the PiggyBac transposon system. This hiPSC line permitted temporal control of GATA6 expression, enabling synchronous differentiation into multilineage parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells within 18 days. The derived cells demonstrated mature hepatocyte-specific gene expression and sustained albumin secretion. This cell line provides a robust platform for generating functional 3D multilineage liver organoids, and offers new opportunities for mechanistic studies of liver disorders, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine.

ArticleTotal : 2	Year
Publication title	2025
Publication title	2025

Article	Year
An 11-year retrospective study: clinicopathological and survival analysis of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm. Medicine\| PubMed ID: 32872039	2020
Effect of Acupuncture in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Mayo Clinic proceedings\| PubMed ID: 32499125	2020
[Correlation between curative effect and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome with acupuncture for regulating and strengthening spleen]. Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion\| PubMed ID: 33909354	2021
A quadruple recombination event discovered in hepatitis E virus. Archives of virology\| PubMed ID: 34559313	2021
The Values and Perspectives of Organoids in the Field of Metabolic Syndrome. International journal of molecular sciences\| PubMed ID: 37175830	2023
Molecular Pathways Regulating Circadian Rhythm and Associated Diseases. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition)\| PubMed ID: 38940028	2024
Key factor screening in mouse NASH model using single-cell sequencing combined with machine learning. Heliyon\| PubMed ID: 39040415	2024
Interfacial subregions of SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD to hACE2 affect intermolecular affinity by their distinct roles played in association and dissociation kinetics. Communications biology\| PubMed ID: 39638851	2024
Spontaneous migration of a peripherally inserted central catheter into the azygos vein and accidental transection during thoracic surgery: A case report. Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing\| PubMed ID: 39650329	2024
Advantages and challenges of ex vivo generation and expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells from pluripotent stem cells. Experimental hematology\| PubMed ID: 40086687	2025
Liver developmental microenvironment promotes iHSC generation from human iPSCs. Scientific reports\| PubMed ID: 40595388	2025
Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells with inducible expression of GATA6（Liver cells from hiPSC-GATA6）. Stem cell research\| PubMed ID: 40753856	2025

Min Ding

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