accelerated-type-1-diabetes-induction-mice-adoptive-transfer

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells

The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops autoimmune diabetes after 12 weeks of age and is the most extensively studied animal model of ...

Irreducible lateral patellar dislocation with vertical axis rotation: case report and review of the literature.

To evaluate rater agreement for a simple 2-category classification of subcapital hip fractures versus the 4-category Garden classification and to determine the effect of clinician experience on the level of agreement.

Subcapital hip fractures: the Garden classification should be replaced, not collapsed.

The objective of this study was to determine the risk of complications after primary total hip and knee arthroplasties in octogenarians. Using administrative data, we compared the rate of complications for octogenarians vs patients aged 65 to 79 years who underwent total hip or knee arthroplasty in Ontario between 1993 and 1997. Octogenarians were 3.4 times more likely to die, 2.7 times more likely to sustain a myocardial infarction, and 3.5 times more likely to develop pneumonia. Postoperative confusion and urinary tract infections were also significantly more common in octogenarians. Octogenarians are at higher risk for death and serious complications after primary joint arthroplasty. However, the overall event rate remains low and total joint arthroplasty surgery should continue to be offered to these individuals provided that the complication rates are acceptable to the patients and their families.

Arthroplasty in the octogenarian: quantifying the risks.

Clinical observation of increased laxity has been noted in native Canadians. Comparative studies support the possible relationship between joint hypermobility and the development of osteoarthritis or other joint ailments. If joint laxity predisposes to osteoarthritis, there may be far-reaching consequences to the general Native population.

Knee joint laxity in a native Canadian Indian population.

Newer internal fixation devices with a locking mechanism between the plate and the screw have recently been released. The efficacy of these plates in the proximal humerus has yet to be fully described. There is a need to compare the biomechanical properties of efficacy of plate fixation with or without locking screws for surgery of two-part proximal humerus fractures. Multiple-plane locking plate and cloverleaf plate designs were tested to determine their ability to maintain fixation on the humeral head.

Biomechanical comparison of a unique locking plate versus a standard plate for internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures in a cadaveric model.

Traditional short nail fixation devices used for intertrochanteric (IT) fractures of the femur have several surgeon and patient benefits. However, these devices have had a high incidence of complications. A new intramedullary device designed to overcome these shortcomings has become commercially available. The goal of this study was to compare this intramedullary nail device with the traditional dynamic hip screw.

A new intramedullary nail device for the treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures: Perioperative experience.

Surgical images: musculoskeletal. Multidirectional acromioclavicular joint instability posttrauma.

No area of fracture management has had such a recent explosion of new treatment modalities as distal radius plating. This explosion has largely been implant- and industry-driven, with little evidence-based research guiding the way. A perceived difficulty with commonly used modalities by the orthopedic community has been enough to drive an entire new set of options for distal radius fixation. A drift from dorsal to volar plating has occurred that has been unexamined by randomized research. Segment specific fixation has been a new mindset that has resulted in a novel plate line and has caused other manufacturers to redesign their product lines. Other novel approaches for proposed problems include locking plates, nail-plate combinations, and others. This article outlines some of these options with a literature opinion and a clarification from the authors. A treatment plan for common fractures of the distal radius is also outlined.

Plating for distal radius fractures.

To evaluate the safety and functional outcome of a recently described surgical technique of percutaneous plating for proximal humerus fractures.

Percutaneous humeral plating of fractures of the proximal humerus: results of a prospective multicenter clinical trial.

A general trend in orthopedic traumatology is the advent of daily, dedicated orthopedic trauma theatres. Availability of trauma theatres is believed to decrease morbidity and mortality, but this remains unproven. We performed a retrospective review comparing morbidity and mortality outcomes at a single institution before and after the establishment of a dedicated trauma room. The purpose was to determine whether a change in outcomes occurred for a single routine procedure with known outcome expectations (hemiarthroplasty of the hip after femoral neck fracture) with the implementation of a designated trauma theatre.

Dedicated orthopedic trauma theatres: effect on morbidity and mortality in a single trauma centre.

The purpose of this study was to determine which screws could be safely inserted percutaneously into a proximal humerus locking plate using a new external aiming guide without injuring the axillary nerve. We also sought to evaluate that all the screws could be accurately inserted ina locked position with the external guide.

Risk of axillary nerve injury during percutaneous proximal humerus locking plate insertion using an external aiming guide.

The present study is a review of patients with scaphoid non-unions treated with a dorsal vascularized bone graft. The study highlights a subset of patients incorrectly diagnosed as graft failures.

Incorrect radiographic evaluation after vascularized bone grafting for scaphoid fracture or nonunion.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that is mediated by myelin-reactive T cells resulting in CNS demyelination, however the mechanisms that control their activation are unclear. Mice that are transgenic for a myelin proteolipid protein (PLP)-specific TCR spontaneously develop experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of MS. They mimic the spontaneous onset of MS and thus offer the unique opportunity to investigate the mechanisms that may contribute to the development of spontaneous CNS autoimmunity. MyD88 is an adaptor protein that mediates signal transduction by TLRs, IL-1R and IL-18R, resulting in the activation of innate immune cells, including DCs. We investigated the requirement of MyD88 in the pathogenesis of spontaneous EAE in PLP TCR transgenic SJL mice. We show that genetic loss of MyD88 does not intrinsically preclude development of spontaneous EAE and autoimmune demyelination in these mice. EAE was associated with functionally mature peripheral DCs that promoted superior PLP-specific Th1 and Th17 responses compared to those from disease-free mice. Together, our data suggest that MyD88-independent innate immune signaling critically contributes to priming of myelin-reactive T cells and development of spontaneous EAE in MyD88-deficient PLP TCR transgenic mice.

Article	Year
Irreducible lateral patellar dislocation with vertical axis rotation: case report and review of the literature. The Journal of trauma\| PubMed ID: 12131405	2002
Subcapital hip fractures: the Garden classification should be replaced, not collapsed. Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie\| PubMed ID: 12500914	2002
Arthroplasty in the octogenarian: quantifying the risks. The Journal of arthroplasty\| PubMed ID: 15809944	2005
Knee joint laxity in a native Canadian Indian population. Canadian journal of public health. Revue canadienne de santÃ© publique\| PubMed ID: 15913091	2005
Biomechanical comparison of a unique locking plate versus a standard plate for internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures in a cadaveric model. Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)\| PubMed ID: 16919375	2006
A new intramedullary nail device for the treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures: Perioperative experience. The Journal of trauma\| PubMed ID: 17159691	2006
Surgical images: musculoskeletal. Multidirectional acromioclavicular joint instability posttrauma. Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie\| PubMed ID: 17234075	2006
Plating for distal radius fractures. The Orthopedic clinics of North America\| PubMed ID: 17560402	2007
Percutaneous humeral plating of fractures of the proximal humerus: results of a prospective multicenter clinical trial. Journal of orthopaedic trauma\| PubMed ID: 18317047	2008
Dedicated orthopedic trauma theatres: effect on morbidity and mortality in a single trauma centre. Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie\| PubMed ID: 19399201	2009
Plating for distal radius fractures. Hand clinics\| PubMed ID: 20006245	2010
Risk of axillary nerve injury during percutaneous proximal humerus locking plate insertion using an external aiming guide. Injury\| PubMed ID: 20542510	2010
Incorrect radiographic evaluation after vascularized bone grafting for scaphoid fracture or nonunion. The Canadian journal of plastic surgery = Journal canadien de chirurgie plastique\| PubMed ID: 22379374	2011
The innate immune adaptor MyD88 is dispensable for spontaneous autoimmune demyelination in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Journal of neuroimmunology\| PubMed ID: 23269203	2013

Gregory Berry

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